Description of WHOTS-17 Mooring

3. Description of WHOTS-17 Mooring

The WHOTS-17 mooring, deployed on August 26, 2021, from R/V Oscar Elton Settle, was outfitted with two complete sets of Air-Sea Interaction Meteorological (ASIMET) sensors on the buoy and underneath subsurface instruments from 7 to 155 m depth, and near the bottom. See [Santiago-Mandujano et al., 2022, Santiago-Mandujano et al., 2022] for a complete description of the buoy. The WHOTS-17 was recovered on July 25, 2022.

The buoy is equipped with meteorological instrumentation, including two complete Air-Sea Interaction Meteorological (ASIMET) systems on the buoy and underneath subsurface instruments from 7 to 155 m depth and near the bottom. The buoy tower contains standalone sensors: Vaisala WXT-520 multi-variable (temperature, humidity, pressure, wind, and precipitation), an SBE-39 temperature sensor adapted to measure air temperature, and Lascar RH/ATMP. The ASIMET sensors include air temperature and relative humidity (ATMP/HRH), barometric pressure (BPR), wind speed and direction (WSPD) and (WDIR), precipitation (PRC), longwave (LWR) and shortwave (SWR) radiations, and seas surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS). The buoy tower also contains a radar reflector, two marine lanterns, and two Iridium satellite transmission systems that provide continuous buoy position monitoring. Two Rover and one Melo sensor from Xeos Melo Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver recorded the buoy’s positions. A fourth positioning system (Xeos Kilo transmitter) was mounted beneath the hull. A Battelle pCO2 system, a pumped SBE-16 CTD, and a SAMI-2 pH sensor were mounted to the buoy’s underside. A Sea-Bird SBE-63 hosted a dissolved oxygen sensor. A Wetlabs ECOFLNTUS chlorophyll fluorometer was also mounted on the buoy hull.

Five internally logging Sea-Bird SBE-56 temperature sensors were bolted to the buoy hull’s underside, measuring sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity. The SBE-56s measured SST once every 60 sec between 80-110 cm below the surface. Two SBE-37 MicroCATs were at 1.55m, measuring at every 300s (See Table 3.1).

Table 3.1 WHOTS-17 MicroCAT and SBE-56 Temperature Sensor Information.

Instrument

SN

Depth (m)

Sample Interval (sec)

SBE-56

6150

0.80

60

SBE-56

6239

0.80

60

SBE-56

6410

0.95

60

SBE-56

6412

1.10

60

SBE-56

7211

0.80

60

MicroCAT

5996

1.55

300

MicroCAT

1727

1.55

300

Underwater instrumentation included 18 MicroCATs (SeaBird SBE-37) deployed to record temperature and conductivity (C-T) at 7, 15, 25, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95, 105, 120, 135, 155, and two at about 40 m off the bottom. The MicroCATs at 7, 45, 85, 105, 120, 135, 155, and the two near the bottom included a pressure sensor. Two upward-looking RDI ADCPs were deployed at 47.5 m (600 kHz) and 125 m (300 kHz), respectively, and two Next Generation Vector Measurement Current Meters (VMCMs) were deployed at 10 and 30 m, respectively, to measure current speed and direction.

The Table 3.2 provides a listing of the WHOTS-17 subsurface instrumentation at their nominal depths on the mooring, along with serial numbers, sampling rates, and other pertinent information. A cold water spike was induced to the UH MicroCATs before deployment (Table 3.2) and after recovery Table 3.3 by placing an ice pack in contact with their temperature sensor to check for any drift in their internal clock. To produce a spike in the ADCP data, each instrument’s transducer was rubbed gently by hand for 20 seconds (Table 3.4 , and Table 3.5).

Table 3.2 WHOTS-17 mooring subsurface instrument deployment information. SN=Serial Number; I=Instrument; D=Depth(m); PSN=Pressure Serial Number; SI=Sample Interval(s); SL=Starting Logging ; CSB=Cold Spike Begin; CSE= Cold Spike End; TIW= Time in Water. All times are in UTC (mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss). * VMCM Spin start times, ** AC=Acoustic Receiver ( Vemco VR2W Acoustic Receiver 69 kHz attached to 25 m MicroCAT loadbar).

SN

I

D

PSN

SI

SL

CSB

CSE

TIW

6892

MicroCAT

7

2651324

75

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:20:00

35

VMCM

10

N/A

60

8/7/21 2:01:00

08/25/21 19:08:00*

N/A

8/25/21 19:57:00

3382

MicroCAT

15

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 19:42:00

4663

MicroCAT

25

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 19:37:00

135934

AC **

25

N/A

N/A

8/12/21 19:00:00

N/A

N/A

8/25/21 19:37:00

58

VMCM

30

N/A

60

8/7/21 2:40:00

8/25/21 19:22:00*

N/A

8/25/21 19:32:00

3633

MicroCAT

35

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 19:24:00

3381

MicroCAT

40

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 19:20:00

3668

MicroCAT

45

5579

240

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 19:15:00

13917

600kHz ADCP

47.5

N/A

600

8/25/21 5:50:00

Table 3.4

Table 3.5

8/25/21 20:39:00

3619

MicroCAT

50

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:41:00

3620

MicroCAT

55

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:41:00

3621

MicroCAT

65

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:44:00

3632

MicroCAT

75

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:46:00

4699

MicroCAT

85

10209

240

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:47:00

3791

MicroCAT

95

N/A

180

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:49:00

2769

MicroCAT

105

2949

240

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 20:52:00

4700

MicroCAT

120

2479944

240

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 21:00:00

7637

300kHz ADCP

125

N/A

600

8/25/21 6:07:00

Table 3.4

Table 3.5

8/25/21 21:00:00

2451

MicroCAT

135

1556

240

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 21:01:00

4701

MicroCAT

155

10211

240

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/25/21 21:04:00

11380

MicroCAT

39m off Anchor

2146835

300

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/26/21 0:36:00

11381

MicroCAT

39m off Anchor

2146836

300

8/25/21 0:00:00

8/25/21 0:03:00

8/25/21 1:06:00

8/26/21 0:36:00
Table 3.3 WHOTS-17 mooring C-T and ADCP Instruments recovery information. D=Depth(m); Sea-Bird 37 Serial Number (SN). TOW=Time out of water; TOS=Time of Spike; TOES=Time of End Spike; TLS=Time Logging Stopped; ITS=Instrument Time when Stopped; SL=Samples Logged; DQ=Data Quality; FN=File Name(all file names start with whots17_.). All times are in UTC (mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss).

D

SN

TOW

TOS

TOES

TLS

ITS

SL

DQ

FN

7

6892

7/26/22 5:05

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 3:05

7/27/22 3:05

387221

C failed-2/2022

7m_6892.XML

15

3382

7/26/22 5:09

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 3:11

7/27/22 3:11

161343

Good

15m_3382.asc

25

4663

7/26/22 5:09

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 2:58

7/27/22 2:58

161340

Good

25m_4663.XML

35

3633

7/26/22 3:57

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 2:52

7/27/22 2:51

161337

Good

35m_3633.XML

40

3381

7/26/22 3:54

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 5:47

7/27/22 5:47

161394

Good

40m_3381.asc

45

3668

7/26/22 3:49

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 2:41

7/27/22 2:39

121000

P failed-1/2022

45m_3668.asc

47.5

ADCP 13917

7/26/22 3:45

7/26/22 19:08

7/26/22 19:41

7/27/22 6:53

7/27/22 7:00

48391

Good

000.000

50

3619

7/26/22 3:44

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 2:47

7/27/22 2:46

161334

Good

50m_3619.asc

55

3620

7/26/22 3:43

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 6:10

7/27/22 6:10

161404

Good

55m_3620.asc

65

3621

7/26/22 3:42

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 3:38

7/27/22 3:38

161353

Good

60m_3621.asc

75

3632

7/26/22 3:41

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 6:06

7/27/22 6:05

161402

Good

75m_3632.asc

85

4699

7/26/22 3:39

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 6:01

7/27/22 6:01

121051

Good

85m_4699.XML

95

3791

7/26/22 3:38

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 5:56

7/27/22 5:56

161399

Good

95m_3791.asc

105

2769

7/26/22 3:37

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 3:32

7/27/22 3:33

65459

Failed-11/2021

105m_2769.asc

120

4700

7/26/22 3:36

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 3:43

7/27/22 3:43

121016

Good

120m_4700.XML

125

ADCP 7637

7/26/22 3:32

7/26/22 19:08

7/26/22 19:41

7/27/22 6:43

7/27/22 6:42

48387

Good

1000.000

135

2451

7/26/22 3:31

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 5:43

7/27/22 5:41

121046

Bad Pressure

135m_2451.asc

155

4701

7/26/22 3:30

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/22 5:51

7/27/22 5:51

121048

Good

155m_4701.XML

38 mab

11380

7/25/22 21:47

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/2022 n/a

7/27/22 16:45

96970

Good

4661m_11380.asc

38 mab

11381

7/25/22 21:47

7/26/22 18:26

7/26/22 19:04

7/27/2022 n/a

7/27/22 17:05

96974

Good

4661m_11381.asc
Table 3.4 WHOTS-17 mooring ADCP deployment and configuration information. All times are in UTC (mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss).

-

ADCP S/N 13917

ADCP S/N 7637

Frequency (kHz)

600

300

Number of Depth Cells

25

30

Depth Cell Size (m)

2 m

4 m

Pings per Ensemble

80

40

Time per Ensemble (min)

10 min

10 min

Time per Ping (sec)

2 sec

4 sec

Time of First Ping

08/25/21, 05:50:00

08/25/21, 06:07:00

Transducer 1 Spike Time

08/25/21, 06:10:00

08/25/21, 06:17:00

Transducer 2 Spike Time

08/25/21, 06:10:15

08/25/21, 06:17:15

Transducer 3 Spike Time

08/25/21, 06:10:30

08/25/21, 06:17:30

Transducer 4 Spike Time

08/25/21, 06:10:45

08/25/21, 06:17:45

Ice Spike Time Begin

08/25/21, 06:20:00

08/25/21, 06:27:00

Ice Spike Time End

08/25/21, 06:22:00

08/25/21, 06:29:49

Time in Water

08/25/20:39:00

08/25/21, 21:00:00

Depth (m)

47.5 m

125 m
Table 3.5 WHOTS-17 mooring ADCP recovery information. All times are in UTC (mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss).

-

ADCP S/N 13917

ADCP S/N 7637

Frequency (kHz)

600

300

Number of Depth Cells

25

30

Depth Cell Size (m)

2 m

4 m

Pings per Ensemble

80

40

Time per Ensemble (min)

10 min

10 min

Time per Ping (sec)

2 sec

4 sec

Time of Last Ping

7/27/22, 06:53:00

7/27/22, 06:43:00

Transducer 1 Spike Time

20:13:00

20:10:05

Transducer 2 Spike Time

20:13:15

20:10:20

Transducer 3 Spike Time

20:13:30

20:10:35

Transducer 4 Spike Time

20:13:45

20:10:50

Time in the Water

08/25/21, 20:39:00

08/25/21, 21:00:00

Time out of Water

07/26/22, 03:45:00

07/26/22, 03:32:00

Time of spike

07/26/22, 19:08:00

07/26/22, 19:08:00

Time Logging Stopped

07/27/22, 06:53:00

07/27/22, 06:43:00

Instrument Time when Stopped

07/27/22, 07:00:16

07/27/22, 06:42:45

Depth (m)

47.5 m

125 m

The RDI 300 kHz Workhorse Sentinel ADCP, SN 7637, was deployed at 125 m with transducers facing upwards with an additional external battery pack. This instrument was set to ping at 4-second intervals for 160 seconds every 10 minutes, and the burst sampling was designed to minimize aliasing by occasional large ocean swell orbital motions. The bin size was set for 4 m. The total number of ensemble records was 48,387. The first ensemble was on 08/25/2021 at 06:07:00 and the last was on 07/27/2022 at 06:43 (see Table 3.4, Table 3.5, and WHOTS-17 300 kHz - Serial 7367 for more configuration). This instrument also measured temperature.

The RDI 600 kHz Workhorse Sentinel ADCP, SN 13917, was deployed at 47.5 m with transducers facing upwards with an additional external battery pack. The instrument was set to ping at 2-second intervals for 160 seconds every 10 minutes, and the burst sampling was designed to minimize aliasing by occasional large ocean swell orbital motions. The bin size was set for 2 m. The total number of ensemble records was 48,391. The first ensemble was on 08/25/2021 at 05:50:00, and the last was on 07/27/2022 at 06:53:00 (see Table 3.4 , Table 3.5, and WHOTS-17 600 kHz - Serial 13917 for more configuration). This instrument also measured temperature.

The two VMCMs, SN 0035 and 0058, were deployed at 10 m and 30 m depth, respectively. The instruments were prepared for deployment by the WHOI/UOP group and set to sample at 1-minute interval. These instruments also measured temperature.

All WHOTS-17 instruments on the mooring were successfully recovered. Most of the instruments had some degree of biofouling, with the heaviest fouling near the surface. Fouling extended down to the ADCP at 125 m, although it was minor at that depth.

All MicroCATs except for the one at 155 m were in good condition after recovery. MicroCAT SN 3620 (55 m) had barnacles partially blocking the top of its conductivity cell, and SN 6892 (7 m) was recovered with fishing line wrapped around the instrument and the chain. The MicroCAT SN 4701 at 155 m was recovered missing its sensor guard and with a bent conductivity cell.

After recovery and before stopping recording, a bag of ice was placed in contact with each MicroCAT temperature sensor, to produce a spike in the data as a reference point to check the instrument’s clock. The data from all instruments were downloaded at the UH lab. Table 3.3 gives the post-deployment information for the C-T instruments; more details are in MicroCAT Data Processing Procedures, and MicroCAT Data.

The data from the upward-looking 300 kHz ADCP at 125 m were good; the instrument was pinging upon recovery. There appears to be no obviously questionable data from this ADCP at this time, apart from near-surface side-lobe interference. At the time when logging was stopped (Table 3.5), the instrument time was 15 sec behind UTC.

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